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If your business produces or processes metals, cutting your carbon emissions can help you to comply with legislation as well as reducing your costs and your impact on the environment.

Check if you need a permit or registration

If your business is energy intensive, for example if you operate a furnace, boiler or electricity generator, you must check if you need a greenhouse gas emissions permit and need to trade emissions under the United Kingdom Emissions Trading System (UK ETS).

Find out more about carbon emissions trading and reporting schemes.

Reduce your Climate Change Levy (CCL) bill

The CCL is a tax on using non-renewable energy. If the CCL applies to your business you will already be paying it as part of your energy bill. Reduce your bill by using renewable energy and improving your energy efficiency.

Your business may be able to take advantage of a climate change agreement (CCA) between your trade association and the government.

A CCA could allow you to claim an 80 per cent discount on your CCL if you achieve agreed targets for improving energy efficiency.

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Improve your energy efficiency

You can save money and help the environment by taking steps to reduce your energy use.

Find out more about how to save money by using energy more efficiently.

Use renewable energy

Reduce your carbon emissions by using energy from renewable sources.

Buy your energy using:

• green tariffs - where the provider buys the same amount of energy you use from a renewable source such as a wind farm
• green funds - where the provider invests money into researching or setting up renewable energy projects

Find out if you could participate in any local community renewable energy schemes.

Generate your own electricity using wind, solar or other renewable energy sources.

Metals production and processing is an energy-intensive industry. By using less energy you can:

• save money on your fuel bills
• help to combat climate change
• improve your reputation with staff, customers and the public

Check if you can claim an exemption or discount from the climate change levy

The Climate Change Levy (CCL) is a tax on using non-renewable energy. If the CCL applies to your business you will already be paying it as part of your energy bill. Your business may be exempt from the CCL, or entitled to a discount, if you meet energy efficiency targets set out in a climate change agreement.

Ask to see the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC)

If you are moving premises you should make sure you receive an EPC for the building from the seller or your landlord. This includes domestic, commercial and public buildings.

The certificate gives the building an A-G energy efficiency rating and recommends how you can improve the energy rating of the building. The ratings are standard, so you can compare the energy efficiency of one building with another building of a similar type.

If you sell, let, construct or refurbish a building, you must obtain an Energy Performance Certificate.

Smart energy meters

The government is introducing smart electricity and gas meters to help businesses save money and reduce their carbon emissions. Smart meters will mean automatic and accurate billing. They should allow you to monitor live energy consumption and prices to help you use less power at peak times when it is most expensive.

Reduce your energy use

Review the energy your business uses. Look at your business activities and think of ways that you could save energy.

Compare the amount of energy that your business uses with industry standards. .

Ensure you use plant, machinery and equipment efficiently:

• Turn off welders when you are not using them. Arc, metal inert gas and tungsten inert gas welders use substantial amounts of energy even when they are not being used for welding.
• Set the temperature on afterburners to the minimum level that still meets standards for emissions to air. Afterburners use lots of energy because of the high temperature they require.
• Use the lowest melt temperature in furnaces for the metals you are working with.
• Install lids on crucible furnaces to maintain heat, and close them whenever possible.
• Reduce the amount of scrap metal produced from the production process - it will need more energy to re-melt it.
• Run furnaces continuously at their optimum output, rather than heating them up from cold, as this improves their efficiency. You may be able to improve your efficiency by changing working practices and shift patterns, and using fewer furnaces for longer periods of time.
• Use energy-efficient replacements when you need to change motors, drives and pumps.
• Fit variable speed drives to existing motors, pumps and fans where appropriate.

Include targets and ways to reduce energy use in your environmental management system.

For ideas on how to improve your energy efficiency, see how to save money by using energy more efficiently.

If you use furnaces in your metal production business, you could save money by running them more efficiently.

Use your furnaces efficiently

You could:

• use more environmentally-friendly furnace fuel - for example waste-derived fuels that have been fully recovered to a non-waste status
• make sure to use the most efficient furnace for your process - for example an electric induction furnace emits one tenth of the particulate emissions of a cupola furnace
• follow start-up procedures as recommended by the furnace manufacturer
• allow sufficient time when lighting up your furnace from cold - this will enable your furnace to run more efficiently and avoid unnecessary emissions and fuel use
• service your extraction systems regularly and repair defects or damage promptly to minimise your emissions
• put materials into batches and use programmed heating controls to improve energy efficiency

Use the correct furnace charge material

You could:

• pelletise fine feed materials before you introduce them to smelting or melting furnaces to reduce dust emissions
• only melt material which is compatible with your furnace - this will improve its efficiency
• maximise the metallic content of the charge material - this will minimise the amount of solid waste material produced and reduce energy use
• only melt clean scrap in your furnace, unless you have registered an exemption with the Northern Ireland Environment Agency (NIEA) that allows you to use contaminated scrap

Use energy and waste materials from your furnaces

Recover materials and heat from your furnaces. For example:

• You may be able to recover metals and salts from some slags. This will reduce the amount of waste you produce.
• Reduce fuel use by recovering waste heat to use in other parts of your operation.
• Use recuperative or regenerative burners to recover heat from exhaust gases.
• You may be able to use steel slag as a secondary aggregate, for example roadstone, if the metal content is not too high. However, steel slag is considered waste, so you must comply with the appropriate waste regulations, for example you will need to transport it using a waste carrier and with a waste transfer note.

For information on using slag, contact the relevant trade association: