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Last updated 28 February 2023

Under the points-based immigration system, with the exception of Irish citizens, anyone coming to the UK for work must meet a specific set of requirements for which they will score points. Visas are then awarded to those who gain enough points.

This system provides flexible arrangements for UK employers to recruit skilled workers from around the world through a number of different immigration routes.

You will need a sponsor licence to hire most eligible employees from outside the UK. Before applying to be a sponsor you should check that the jobs you want to hire people for will meet the requirements for sponsoring work visas.

This guide provides an overview of the points-based immigration system and sets out the steps employers should take to adapt their business.

The UK labour market

The points-based system 91香蕉黄色视频s a wider package of interventions that make up our long-term approach to the labour market and our strategy to rebuild our economy, 91香蕉黄色视频ing the growth of your business and helping people get back to work.

The points-based system provides you with the ability to access people and talent from around the world. UK Visa and Immigration encourage employers to first consider domestic recruitment options within the UK. The UK government's  encompasses a range of programmes, some of which offer financial incentives, available to employers who considering hiring employees, offering work experience or upskilling their existing staff.

Examples include:

• Apprenticeships: combining practical on-the-job skills training with sustained off-the-job learning, available from entry level to master鈥檚 degree-equivalent.
• T Levels: new 2-year qualifications for 16 to 19 year olds. At the heart of each course is a 45-day industry placement, giving you early access to the brightest talent entering your market.
• Kickstart Scheme: offering six-month work placements in new jobs created using grant funding from the scheme, for 16 to 24 year olds at risk of long-term unemployment. 100% of their time is spent in the workplace with in-work training to help develop transferable skills aimed at increasing their chances of sustained employment.
• National Careers Service: exploring work and skills opportunities for your workforce including those offered as part of the skills recovery package and helping to find skilled people to fill current vacancies in your organisation
• Sector-based work academy programme (SWAP): recruit staff with the right training and skills from the outset, developed through fully-funded pre-employment training and providing an easy way to see job candidates in action.
• Traineeships: skills development programmes that include a work placement. The full programme can last from 6 weeks up to 1 year, though most traineeships last for less than 6 months.
• Free qualifications for adults: As part of the Plan for Jobs, any adult aged 19 and over, who does not have a level 3 qualification (equivalent to an advanced technical certificate or diploma, or A levels) or higher, now has the opportunity to access a fully funded course.
• Skills Bootcamps: putting employers at the heart of the further education system, Skills Bootcamps will 91香蕉黄色视频 your immediate labour market needs by helping you to fill much-needed vacancies. These are available across regions of the country and include a range of digital courses, technical training in skills like construction or engineering, and green skills like electrical vehicle maintenance.

Skilled Worker route

The Skilled Worker route encompasses the majority of UK jobs eligible for overseas recruitment, providing a simple and flexible process for accessing the global talent pool.

Under the Skilled Worker route, anyone you want to hire from outside the UK will need to demonstrate that:

• they have a job offer from a Home Office licensed sponsor (you)
• the job offer is at the required skill level 鈥� RQF 3 or above (A Level and equivalent)
• they speak English to the required standard

In addition to this, the job you are offering must meet the applicable minimum salary threshold. This is the higher of either:

• the general salary threshold of 拢25,600, or
• the specific salary requirement for their occupation, known as the 鈥榞oing rate鈥�

All applicants will be able to trade characteristics, such as their qualifications, against a lower salary to get the required number of points. If the job offer is less than the minimum salary requirement, but no less than 拢20,480, an applicant may still be eligible if they have:

• a job offer in a specific shortage occupation
• a PhD relevant to the job
• a PhD in a STEM subject relevant to the job

There are different salary rules for workers in certain health or education jobs, and for 鈥檔ew entrants鈥� at the start of their careers.

For further information on the 鈥榞oing rate鈥� for specific occupations and further exemptions, see .

A total of 70 points is needed to be able to apply to work in the UK

Identifying whether a job meets the required skill level

All jobs have a corresponding . Each SOC code has a designated skill level. This determines whether the job meets the requirements of the Skilled Worker route.

Shortage Occupation List

An occupation on the Shortage Occupation List results in lower application fees and reduced salary requirements, for skilled workers filling jobs which are in shortage. This does not, however, exempt jobs from the wider mandatory requirements of the Skilled Worker Route, including the skills threshold and the English language requirement.

Skilled Worker case studies

Lab technician with a STEM PhD coming to the UK with salary offer of 拢21,000. The general salary threshold applies.

Mechanical engineer coming to the UK with salary offer of 拢26,750. The 鈥済oing rate鈥� salary threshold for the profession applies.

Global Talent route

The enables the most highly skilled individuals, who can achieve the required number of points, to enter the UK without a job offer if they are endorsed by a recognised UK body, as approved by the Home Office.

Applicants can also work in the UK on a Global Talent visa if they鈥檝e won an . These prizes have been identified by the Global Talent endorsing bodies as demonstrating exceptional talent.

You do not need to be a licensed sponsor to employ a migrant under the Global Talent route.

This route is designed to attract recognised global leaders and promising individuals in science, humanities, engineering, the arts and digital technology. Top scientists and researchers can benefit from a quicker endorsement process as part of a fast track STEM scheme.

As of January 2021, the current list of approved endorsing bodies is as follows:

• The Royal Society, for science and medicine
• The Royal Academy of Engineering, for engineering
• The British Academy, for humanities
• UK Research and Innovation, for science and research
• Tech Nation, for digital technology
• Arts Council England, for arts and culture

Graduate route

The enables international students who have been awarded their degree to stay in the UK and work, or look for work, at any skill level for two years, or three years for doctoral students. It is an unsponsored route, meaning you do not need a sponsor licence to hire someone with a Graduate visa.

Graduate visa holders are able to work flexibly, switch jobs and develop their career as required. They cannot extend their visa, however they can switch to a different visa, for example a鈥�, once they have found a suitable job.

Intra-company Transfer

The  allows multinational organisations to facilitate temporary moves into the UK for key business personnel through their subsidiary branches, subject to ICT sponsorship requirements being met. The route requires applicants to be in roles skilled to RQF 6 (graduate level equivalent), and subject to a different minimum salary threshold from the main Skilled Worker route.

Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa

The Intra-Company Graduate Trainee route is for workers who are being transferred by the business they work for to undertake a role in the UK as part of a structured graduate training programme, with clearly defined progression towards a managerial or specialist role within the organisation.

The Intra-company routes will be replaced by a single, sponsored Global Business Mobility route. UK Visas and Immigration aim to deliver the new route by spring 2022.

Start-up and Innovator

The Start-up and Innovator routes are designed to attract entrepreneurial talent and innovative, scalable business ideas to the UK. Start-up is for those setting up an innovative business for the first time, and Innovator is for those with industry experience and at least 拢50,000 funding. Applicants can be individuals or teams.

Health and Care visa

The Health and Care visa is part of the Skilled Worker route. It enables individuals to come to the UK to work if they are working in eligible health occupations, with a job offer from the NHS, adult social care sector or organisations that provide services to the NHS. Applicants benefit from a lower application fee, and are exempt from paying the Immigration Health Charge which applies to most other types of visa.

Creative route

This route is for applicants in the creative industry who are entering the United Kingdom for short-term contracts or engagements for up to 12 months. Applicants must have a confirmed job offer and their employment sponsored by a UK employer licensed by the Home Office.

Sporting routes

International sportspeople must also have a confirmed job offer and their employment sponsored by a UK employer licenced by the Home Office. Additionally, they must have an endorsement from the relevant governing sports body.

Seasonal Workers Pilot

The Seasonal Workers Pilot is currently running until the end of 2021 enabling the recruitment of 30,000 temporary workers to come to the UK for a period of up to 6 months to work in the horticulture sector only. For 2021 only, of the 30,000, up to 800 visas will be ringfenced for foreign butchers.

In addition, time-limited visas are being offered to 4,700 HGV drivers in food distribution and 5,500 poultry workers in the run-up to Christmas 2021 to ease pressures caused by disruptions in the global supply chain.

Youth Mobility Scheme

Employers can also benefit from the youth mobility scheme. The UK has arrangements in place with ten countries and territories to enable around 20,000 young people to come to the UK to work and travel each year. Applicants must be 18 to 30 years old and can stay up to two years.

EU citizens and applications to the EU Settlement Scheme

罢丑别鈥�痺as鈥痚stablished鈥痶o鈥痚nable鈥疎U, EEA and Swiss citizens resident in the UK by鈥�31 December鈥�2020,鈥痑nd their family members, to get the immigration status they need to continue to live, work and study in the UK. 鈥�

For those citizens resident鈥痠n the UK by 31 December 2020, the deadline for applications鈥痺as 30 June 2021.鈥��

As an employer you are not responsible for making sure your EU employees have applied. However, for many organisations the scheme has been an important aspect of workforce planning and retention.鈥�

Where an EU citizen has reasonable grounds for missing the EU Settlement Scheme application deadline, they will be given a further opportunity to apply.  on the  as an employer if this situation arises. You should advise them that they must make an application within 28 days.

Individuals with settled status can spend up to five years in a row outside the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man without losing this status.

Frontier workers

A frontier worker is someone from the EU who is employed, or self-employed in the UK, but lives elsewhere. Anyone frontier working in the UK by 31 December 2020 will be able to keep their status, but they will need to apply for a permit. Irish citizens who are frontier working into the UK do not need to apply for a permit, but they can if they want to.

Right to work checks

Employers should check job applicants have the right to work in the UK before hiring them, to avoid being liable for a civil penalty.

There are two types of right-to-work check: a manual check and an online check. The type of check you conduct will depend on the status of the individual you intend to employ, and in some circumstances, the individual鈥檚 preference.

A manual check can be completed for UK and Irish citizens who can, for example, use their passport as proof of right-to-work. You will also need to complete a manual check for individuals if they do not have an immigration status that can be shared with you online ().

An online check is required for individuals who only hold an eVisa. This applies to most EU citizens, including those with settled or pre-settled status, anyone with a Hong Kong BNO visa and some other nationalities who have moved to the UK more recently under the points-based immigration system.

As of 1 July 2021, you can no longer accept an EU citizen鈥檚 passport or ID card alone as evidence of their right to work and will have to check their right to work online (with the exception of Irish citizens).

To , you鈥檒l need:

• the applicant鈥檚 date of birth
• their share code which they will have obtained online

You must not discriminate when conducting right to work checks. The Home Office has published  for employers on how to avoid unlawful discrimination when undertaking checks. This guidance clearly stipulates that employers should provide individuals with every opportunity to demonstrate their right to work and must not discriminate on the basis of race or any of the other protected characteristics.

Becoming a licensed sponsor

Before applying you should check that the people you want to hire will meet the requirements for coming to the UK for work.

The standard processing time for an application is usually eight weeks and will start when UK Visas and Immigration receive your application. As a licensed sponsor, you will be able to hire eligible employees from anywhere in the world.

Some immigration routes, such as Graduate or Global Talent, are 鈥榰nsponsored鈥�. You don鈥檛 need a licence to hire employees with an unsponsored visa.

You do not need to be a sponsor to recruit Irish citizens or anyone from the resident labour market with an existing right to work in the UK. This includes EU citizens with settled or pre-settled status, and non-EU citizens with indefinite leave to remain in the UK.

You will need to:

1. Check your business is eligible.

To get a licence, you cannot have unspent criminal convictions for immigration offences or certain other crimes, such as fraud or money laundering.

2. Choose the type of skilled worker licence you want to apply for.

This will depend on whether you are sponsoring a job applicant for general purposes, or for the purpose of an ICT. You can apply for a licence covering either or both.

3. Decide who will manage sponsorship within your business.

You need to appoint people within your business to manage the sponsorship process when you apply for a licence. The main tool they鈥檒l use is the sponsorship management system (SMS). The roles are:

• authorising officer 鈥� a senior and competent person responsible for the actions of staff and representatives who use the SMS
• key contact 鈥� your main point of contact with UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI)
• level 1 user 鈥� responsible for all day-to-day management of your licence using the SMS

These roles can be filled by the same person or different people.

4. Apply online and pay a fee.

The fees stated are current as of July 2021. Fees are kept under review and may be subject to change. Please check for the latest .

You鈥檙e usually a small business if:

• your annual turnover is 拢10.2 million or less
• you have 50 employees or fewer

Contact the Business Helpdesk if you鈥檙e unsure which category your business fits into: businesshelpdesk@homeoffice.gov.uk

Immigration Skills Charge

The  is a fee paid by a UK employer for each skilled migrant worker they employ through the Skilled Worker and Intra-company Transfer routes. The charge is intended to act as an incentive for employers to recruit and train resident workers rather than migrant workers. Funds raised by the charge are used to 91香蕉黄色视频 skills and training programmes in the UK. You will need to pay the charge when sponsoring both EU and non-EU migrant workers.

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For more information on the points-based immigration system and to sign up for email alerts from GOV.UK, visit .