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Any descriptions of goods you trade must be accurate - it's a criminal offence if they're not.

This applies to both the writing and the illustrations on your packaging and labelling. Among other things, you must not be misleading about:

• quantity or size
• composition
• method of manufacture
• place and date of manufacture
• fitness for stated purpose
• endorsements by people or organisations

The law applies to you if you sell goods to the public or manufacture goods.

Origin marking

Usually there is no legal requirement for goods to be marked with their place of origin - but you can do so if you wish.

However, if you do, the origin markings must be accurate.

Pricing

It is an offence to give consumers misleading pricing information about goods and services. The regulations apply to any method used to indicate a price, for example, in a written notice or verbally.

There are many special rules regulating packaging and labelling in specific industries.

Some of the industries where special packaging and labelling is required include:

• Gold, silver, platinum and palladium: If you sell goods that are not it can be an offence.
• Footwear: state that the main materials the footwear is made from must appear on the label. It's an offence to sell footwear without information about its composition.
• Food and drink: Labels must be clear and include .  You must ensure that any .
• Tobacco products: If you manufacture cigarettes or other smoking products containing tobacco, you must print a picture and text .
• Toys: If you sell toys, you must ensure they meet the. Hood cords, bunk beds, prams and pushchairs are also subject to specific regulations.

All retailers must comply with the price marking order from the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations.

There are special product labelling and packaging rules that retailers must follow. Legally, you must:

• clearly display the price of goods
• display the unit price of goods sold loose
• use metric measures for unit pricing - note that some products can still be sold in imperial units (such as pints of beer and cider) and you can still provide the imperial measurement for other products providing you also give the metric equivalent
• price in sterling
• include VAT and any other taxes

The price must be marked in a way that is unambiguous, easily identifiable and clearly legible. The indication of the price must be placed close to the product that it relates to and available to the customer without them having to ask for assistance. You may use 'appropriate means', for example, product labelling, shelf-edge marking or price lists.

It is a criminal offence for retailers to give misleading information to consumers about product pricing.

Food and drink

If you sell food and drink as part of a service, for example in a pub or restaurant, you must display your prices. These must:

• state the quantities
• be clear when differences in quantity apply - eg when it is cheaper to buy a pint of beer than two half pints
• include VAT

Pubs and restaurants legally must not omit information which a customer needs to make an informed decision regarding a purchase.

It's an offence to use misleading labels. So, for example, you can't sell a scone and margarine as a 'scone and butter'.

Food that has been irradiated or contains raw milk also needs to be clearly labelled.

Special cases

There are many which apply to retailers selling specific food and drink products, for example sweets, eggs and sandwiches. 

Product packaging can be an important way of adding value to your product. Good packaging can:

• protect and preserve the product during transportation
• make the product attractive and easy to use
• sell the product by making it stand out from its rivals
• reduce the impact on the environment 
• be cost effective

Product packaging can come in many forms, from bags and boxes to tins and bottles. The most suitable packaging for your product will depend on what you are selling and how it is transported and stored. If you produce food or drink products, another important consideration is the safety of . 

Once you have decided which type of packaging is most suitable for your product you can concentrate on its design. Your design should communicate the main benefits of your product and encourage people to buy your product instead of your competitors.

Unless you have experience in this field it is probably worth getting expert help. 

If you are exporting goods, you need to ensure that the packaging and labelling suits the local market. For example:

• you should ensure your packaging and labelling complies with the regulations of the country you are exporting to
• you may need to translate your labelling into the local language or to mark the origin of your goods
• you may need to follow local customs to make your goods acceptable to customers - eg in some countries packaging containing food products carries a picture of the produce inside

Invest Northern Ireland can .

Your packaging and labelling also needs to withstand the rigours of exporting, especially if the products are fragile or perishable. As well as your usual product packaging and labels, you need to think about the packaging and labelling you use to transport the goods, eg pallets, shrink wrapping and cartons.

Your products may be transported using several modes of transport before reaching their final destination. Your packaging needs to be suitable for each mode of transport and withstand repeated loading and unloading. Clear labelling helps to prevent goods becoming lost in transit or delayed at customs.

Your may offer packaging services and be able to advise you on suitable packaging and labelling. 

By considering the environment at the design stage you can reduce the cost of your packaging and minimise its impact on the environment. You can also make your product more appealing to consumers who prefer recyclable packaging or packaging from renewable sources. 

You must ensure that the packaging you use complies with environmental regulations. The weight and volume of the packaging must be the minimum necessary, and the packaging must be recoverable by recycling, incineration or composting. There are also limits on the level of heavy metals that can be present in packaging.

You also have a duty of care for the waste you produce. The regulations require businesses to ensure that their waste is handled and disposed of or recycled safely.

Businesses with a turnover of over 拢2 million who handle more than 50 tonnes of packaging must also comply with the Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations.