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Businesses in the printing industry have major opportunities to reduce their environmental impact and cut costs. The most effective way to do this is through taking a systematic approach - for example, by setting up a formal environmental management system (EMS) and having it certified to the ISO 14001 standard or verified under the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS).

If you don't have the time or resources to set up an EMS, you could take a less formal approach by:

• reviewing your environmental performance and making sure that you comply with all relevant environmental legislation
• deciding on priority issues
• creating an action plan of what you're going to do, who is going to do it and when they should do it
• setting targets and objectives
• reviewing your performance and making improvements

For more information, see how to carry out an environmental review of your business.

Before you start, you should make sure you have the commitment of senior management. You should also consider appointing an environmental champion or an environmental team.

Effective management can reduce the environmental impact of:

• solvents
• waste streams such as paper, other substrates and packaging
• energy use
• water use
• transport

There are several ways printing businesses can reduce energy use. You should check whether machines can automatically go on stand-by when they're not used for a period of time and make sure this is activated. Where appropriate, switch off machines completely when they are not in use for long periods, such as overnight or at weekends.

You should also factor energy costs into purchasing decisions. Consider the following:

• when you buy a new machine, choose the most energy-efficient model that meets your production requirements; compare the energy consumption in production, idle and sleep modes
• ensure that machines are set up and operated according to the manufacturer's recommendations on energy efficiency and ensure all users know the correct settings
• consider whether the machine can be turned off manually at night or whether you could use a plug-in timer?
• estimate the energy cost per copy and per week, given your operating hours and projected copy volumes, and factor this into your purchasing decisions

You can also cut energy costs by:

• ensuring staff turn off lights when they're not needed
• unplugging or switching off chargers, eg for mobile telephones and cameras - when they're not in use
• using plug sockets that can turn off multiple items with only one switch
• installing localised lighting controls, eg pull switches above workstations and timer switches - or movement detectors in infrequently occupied areas, eg washrooms and coffee areas
• installing insulation for doors, windows, roofs and walls

Energy Star

The Energy Star logo means that the energy consumption of an appliance - eg computers, monitors, printers, fax machines and imaging equipment - is below an agreed level when in standby mode. Consider buying office and imaging products that have the logo as they use up to 60 per cent less electricity than standard equipment.

Cooling and heating your premises

Most papers don't need environmental control where the air temperature is above 12掳C, although you may need some form of enhanced ventilation when machines are operated in enclosed areas. Consider alternatives to air conditioning such as natural ventilation, extraction fans and adiabatic cooling systems.

If you have air conditioning systems, use them efficiently and get them inspected regularly.

You should also ensure heaters are energy efficient and serviced at least annually. Ensure you can control heaters locally.

All printing businesses can reduce water use. This can enable you to benefit from lower costs of both buying water and of disposing and treating wastewater and effluent.

You can benefit from filtering and reusing water used in washing machines and similar applications. Litho printers in particular can benefit from converting machines to waterless printing. This can save thousands of litres of water a year by eliminating the dampening system used in conventional litho printing.

What is waterless printing?

Waterless printing involves either installing a dedicated digital imaging system or converting a conventional litho press. Conversion involves removing the dampening system and resetting or replacing some of the ink train rollers and blankets. Depending on typical print runs, you may also need to install equipment to control temperature and humidity in the press room and to experiment with different inks and papers.

The benefits of waterless printing can be considerable, including:

• substantial savings in water use and effluent disposal
• improved print quality
• shorter make-ready
• significantly reduced solvent emissions
• less paper and substrate wastage

You can reduce water use by up to 60 per cent in washrooms through relatively simple measures, for example:

• fitting push-button taps on wash basins
• fitting automatic flushes on urinals
• installing 'hippo bags' in water cisterns
• regularly checking for and repairing leaks and dripping taps

For more information, see how to save water at commercial premises.

Vehicle use has significant environmental impacts:

• cars, vans and lorries use petrol, oil and diesel which are from non-renewable resources
• vehicle engines release carbon dioxide (associated with climate change), sulphur dioxide (associated with acid rain) and nitrous oxides (associated with air pollution)
• traffic congestion increases noise and affects communities

Using transport efficiently can reduce the environmental impact of your printing business. It can also cut the amount of money and tax you pay on transport.

If you operate your own vehicles, you should introduce a fleet management process and consider:

• optimising delivery routes to reduce mileage
• converting your vehicles so they can take cleaner fuel or opting for dual-fuel vehicles
• using electric vehicles in urban areas
• organising sales teams by geographical area rather than as customer account teams to reduce vehicle use
• using your own vans to pick up staff for work
• using couriers to deliver one-off jobs if your own transport would not be environmentally efficient

Workplace travel

Introducing a workplace travel plan to manage the travel generated by your business can reduce your environmental impact, as well as offering financial and staff benefits. A travel plan can help you reduce the need for travel and 91香蕉黄色视频 more sustainable travel, such as walking, cycling, public transport, car sharing and car clubs. For more information, see how to create a workplace travel plan.