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CE marking is a declaration of a product's compliance with European Union (EU) legislation. It is a certification mark affixed to certain types of products that declares conformity with the applicable EU health, safety and environmental protection legislation and standards.

What is CE marking on products?

CE marking is a type of self-certification that shows that:

• the manufacturer has checked that the product meets EU legal requirements
• the product complies with EU legislation
• the product is free to move within the European market

CE marking does not mean the product was made in the European Economic Area (EEA). It simply asserts that the product can be legally sold within the EEA market.

CE mark logo

The official CE mark comprises the letters C and E. Their shape is based on a series of circles, with exact spacing between the letters.

on the Europa website.

The mark should be affixed to the product. If this is not possible, it should be included on the packaging or accompanying documents.

What needs to be CE marked?

CE marking is mandatory for many types of products, such as electronics, toys, machinery, medical devices and vehicles, as well as many construction goods.

Not all products need to bear CE marking. Only those products for which EU product specifications exist must comply with the CE marking requirements.

If your product requires CE marking but doesn't conform to the relevant standards, you cannot sell it legally in the EEA countries. If your product doesn't require CE marking, it shouldn't carry the CE mark.

See more on products that need CE marking.

Who is responsible for CE marking?

If you are a manufacturer it is your responsibility to:

• carry out the conformity assessment
• set up the technical file
• issue the EC Declaration of Conformity (DoC)
• place CE marking on a product

If you are a distributor you must check the presence of both the CE marking and the necessary 91香蕉黄色视频ing documentation.

If you are importing a product that is from a third country you have to check that the manufacturer outside the EU has undertaken the necessary steps. You must check that the documentation is available.

Find out how to place CE marking on a product.

Not all products sold in the European Union (EU) need to bear CE marking. CE marking is only mandatory for those products that fall under the scope of one or more of the European Commission product directives, known as the .

These directives define essential requirements related to health, safety and environmental issues that the products must meet in order to be placed on the European market.

What products need CE marking?

CE marking applies to the following product groups:

• active implantable medical devices
• appliances burning gaseous fuels
• cableway installations designed to carry persons
• construction products
• eco-design of energy-related products
• electromagnetic compatibility
• equipment for use in potentially explosive atmospheres (ATEX)
• explosives for civil uses
• hot-water boilers
• household refrigerators and freezers
• in vitro diagnostic medical devices
• lifts
• low voltage
• machinery
• measuring instruments
• medical devices
• noise emission in the environment
• non-automatic weighing instruments
• personal protective equipment
• pressure equipment
• pyrotechnics
• radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment
• recreational craft
• restriction of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment
• safety of toys
• simple pressure vessels

CE marking does not apply to items such as:

• chemicals
• pharmaceuticals, including cosmetics
• foodstuffs

Read more about .

Directives that apply to your product

Over 20 directives exist for the different product categories requiring CE marking. Some products may fall under more than one EU directive or regulation.

See a .

Where EU directives or standards apply to your product, you must ensure it conforms to the specified essential requirements before you can trade your product freely in the EU market. Check the requirements for your product on the .

CE marking process

Before you place a CE mark on your product, you must determine exactly which directives apply and ensure that your product complies with the essential requirements of all applicable EU legislation. See how to place CE marking on a product.

Before you place a CE marking on your product, you need to establish which EU New Approach Directives apply to it. You must not attach a CE marking to a product outside the scope of the directives.

How do you get CE certification?

The process you follow depends on the directives that apply to your product. Typically, there are six specific steps to CE marking compliance.

Step 1: Identify applicable directive(s) and standards

Different directives and standards may apply to your product. These are harmonised at European Union (EU) level and lay down the essential requirements (eg on safety) that your product has to fulfil. The CE marking process you must follow depends on .

Not all products require CE marking. Only products that fall under one or more of the European product directives are subject to CE marking rules. See products that need CE marking.

Step 2: Check the essential requirements for your product

Each directive outlines what the EU legally requires in order for your product to be compliant. It is up to you to ensure that your product conforms to the requirements. The directives don't tell you how you must achieve this. You can use (if they exist for your product) or choose other ways to fulfil the requirements set out in the directives.

STEP 3: Check if your product needs a third-party conformity assessment

Some directives require that an authorised third party, known as a notified body, tests and certifies your product in order to ensure conformity with the requirements. This conformity assessment procedure is not compulsory for all products. However, if you find that you need a notified body, .

STEP 4: Test the product and check its conformity

Where it is not necessary to involve a notified body, you must rely on your own facilities to access your product's conformity. The directives outline which - also known as modules - you can undertake.

STEP 5: Create and maintain technical documentation

All CE marking directives require manufacturers to create and make available technical documentation (ie a technical file) that shows the product's conformity to the requirements of the applicable directive. The kind of information that you have to keep, and the period you have to maintain it for, varies with directives and regulations. Examples of what is required may include a general description of the product, detailed drawings, a list of standards that apply, a copy of the risk assessment, copies of technical reports, instructions, the manufacturer's declaration, etc.

STEP 6: Sign the EU Declaration of Conformity and affix the CE mark

The final steps in the CE marking process include affixing the mark to your product and signing a Declaration of Conformity. The declaration acknowledges that the manufacturer is solely responsible for the compliance of their product with all applicable CE marking directives. See an .

The manufacturer (or their authorised representative within the EEA or Turkey) must affix the CE mark according to specific rules. Only after the mark is properly affixed, your product will be ready for the market. Find rules on using the CE marking.

By placing the CE marking on your product, you are declaring that your product complies with all applicable European Union (EU) directives. You should only place the CE mark on your product if:

• it is subject to one or more of the directives
• it conforms to the essential requirements of the directive(s)

You must not affix CE marking to products that are out of scope of the EU directives. Find out what products need CE marking.

Who is responsible for CE marking?

Only the manufacturer, or their authorised representative, must affix the CE marking. The manufacturer may be established inside or outside the EU, while the authorised representative must be established with the EU.

When attaching the CE marking, the manufacturer ultimately takes full responsibility for their product's conformity with the requirements of ALL relevant EU directives.

If an importer or a distributor place a product on the market under their own name or trade mark, or modify the product, they then take over the manufacturer's responsibilities. This includes the responsibility for the conformity of the product and the affixing of the CE mark.

Affixing the CE marking

You must affix the CE marking to the product before you place it on the market. This typically takes place at the end of the production phase. If you affix the CE mark by stamping or casting, you can add it at any stage of production if you have verified the conformity of the product.

As a rule, you should affix the CE marking to the product or its data plate. In certain circumstances, you can place it instead on the packaging, in manuals and other 91香蕉黄色视频ing literature.

If a notified body is involved in the production phase of the product, the notified body's identification number must follow the CE marking. Bear in mind that UK conformity assessment bodies can no longer carry out mandatory conformity assessment for products being placed on the EU market.

CE marking logo requirements

Depending on the particulars of the directive that applies to your product, you must make sure that the CE marking:

• consist of the initials 'CE' in the standard, recognisable form
• is legible and at least 5mm in height (unless specified differently in the directive)
• remains proportional to the original, if you reduce or enlarge the size of your mark
• is easily visible, readable and permanent

on the Europa website.

You must not cover up CE marking with other markings affixed to the product, or use any marks to misconstrue the meaning or form of the CE marking to third parties.

Rules covering the use of the CE marking may vary depending on the specific EU directive that applies to the product.

You can find comprehensive guidance on the implementation of EU product rules in the so-called .

A number of organisations enforce CE marking legislation. Enforcement is important to prevent misuse of the CE marking and ensure product safety standards.

CE marking enforcement

Nominated public authorities (Market Surveillance Authorities) are responsible for enforcement - or market surveillance - in each European Economic Area member state. The authorities and processes vary depending on the directives applicable to your product.

The following bodies, amongst others, are responsible for CE marking enforcement in the UK:

• Trading Standards Services
• the Health and Safety Executive
• the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
• the National Measurement Office

If an enforcement body finds that your product does not meet CE marking requirements, they may give you an opportunity to ensure it is correctly CE marked. If you fail to comply with this, you will have to take your product off the market. You may also be liable for a fine and imprisonment.

CE marking documentation requirement

You must keep certain documentation once you place the CE marking on your product. The Market Surveillance Authorities can ask for this information at any time to check that you have legitimately affixed CE marking to a product.

See how to place CE marking on a product.

The information you must keep will vary depending on the specific directives relevant to your product. However, you must keep general records of:

• how the product is manufactured
• how the product conforms to the relevant national standards
• addresses of manufacture and storage places
• design and manufacture of the product
• which directives apply to the product and how you have met their requirements
• European Community type-examination certificates - if applicable

You should keep the information in a technical file, which you can give to the enforcement authority if they request it.

You can find comprehensive guidance on the implementation of EU product rules in the so-called .

The manufacturer's Declaration of Conformity (DoC)

The DoC is a document which may be required to accompany a product and in which the manufacturer, or his authorised representative within the European Economic Area, indicates that the product meets all the necessary requirements of the directives applicable to the specific product.

The DoC also contains:

• the name and address of the manufacturer
• the information about the product, such as brand and serial number

The DoC must be signed by an individual working for the manufacturer or an authorised representative, and the employee's function must also be indicated. .

For the majority of businesses, CE marking is a self-certification process. It involves an evaluation of the product or equipment either by risk assessment or against a relevant standard.

If you need help with understanding the process to achieving CE marking, Invest Northern Ireland's (NI) technical advisers can offer assistance. Find out about or call the Invest NI Helpline on Tel 0800 181 4422.

CE marking seminars

Invest NI periodically delivers CE marking and global technical compliance seminars for Northern Ireland businesses. These seminars can help you determine the CE marking route that is most appropriate, cost-effective and efficient for your products.

See the .